Obesity and Obesity Surgery

Obesity is a serious health problem defined as a disease by the World Health Organization, characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the body that negatively affects health. Generally, individuals are considered obese when their body mass index (BMI) exceeds 30.

Obesity can cause many chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, sleep apnea and some types of cancer.

Obesity is a complex condition caused by a combination of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors. The risk is higher in individuals with a family history of obesity, and genetic predisposition can affect the rate at which the body stores and burns fat. In addition, wrong eating habits are one of the main causes of obesity. Excessive consumption of foods high in calories and low in nutrients, irregular meal times and fast food consumption increase the risk of obesity.

A sedentary lifestyle is also an important factor leading to obesity. Inadequate daily physical activity and long periods of sitting work or screen time facilitate weight gain. Psychological and emotional factors also play a role in obesity. Overeating and emotional hunger in times of stress, depression or anxiety can lead to uncontrolled weight gain. Hormonal irregularities and certain health problems can also contribute to obesity.

What is Obesity Surgery?

Obesity surgery is an effective treatment for individuals with severe obesity who have failed to lose weight with other methods. These surgical interventions work by reducing the volume of the stomach or changing the absorption of nutrients in the digestive system.

The main types of bariatric surgery are as follows:

• Sleeve Gastrectomy: The process of reducing the size of the stomach by removing part of it.
• Gastric Bypass: A method that aims to both reduce the volume of the stomach and reduce nutrient absorption.
• Gastric Balloon: A temporary method that creates a feeling of satiety with a balloon placed in the stomach.

Post-Surgical Process

Obesity surgery is not only a surgical procedure. In the post-surgical period, patients should follow regular nutrition and exercise programs, receive psychological support and follow up with their doctors. This process is critical for the long-term success of the surgery.

Obesity surgery requires radical changes in lifestyle and helps patients step into a healthier life. However, this procedure should be evaluated by a specialized team and applied in appropriate patients.